If the roots from one of your trees produces cracks in your neighbor’s home, or a stranger passing by falls over a cracked sidewalk, you can face a claim. This will usually be covered under the liability section of the policy. You can also face enforcement action from your local council. Local laws usually entitle the council to order you to remove “dangerous” trees and make good the sidewalk. If you refuse, the council can come on to your land, remove the tree and send you the bill. Whoever’s responsible for maintaining the road outside your home is likely to have similar powers. Completely removing a large tree can be an expensive business. Unfortunately, your insurance policy only covers you when your trees cause loss or damage to others. It does not pay out for preventive work to cut back the branches or roots. You get to pay the tree surgeon to do that out of your own savings.

When the snow and ice builds up on the branches, the additional weight can bring them down. This is where your study of the policy terms can pay off. Most policies pay for the repair of your own home or garage if a tree blows over or heavy branches fall through the roof. The unknown is whether the policy will also cover the cost of removing the tree or branch. Hiring men with chainsaws and a truck to remove the pieces does not come cheap. If the tree simply falls to the ground without damaging any structure, the chances of a successful claim for removal are small. Remember if your tree falls on your car, only comprehensive cover will get you back on the road. There are standard terms covering storm damage and, damage caused by falling branches or lumps of ice from trees is usually included.

The fact the northeast has just experienced record snow for October should convince you of the need to review your home insurance policy. In 2010, the Insurance Information Institute reports total claims of $2.6 billion for winter storm damage alone. The weather is causing an increasing amount of damage and, unless you have good cover from your home insurance policy, you might find it difficult to repair your home.

Many insurance companies are already increasing the deductible whether you asked for it or not. The reason for this is the rise in the number of claims from bad weather. No matter what your view on global warming or climate change, the last two years have seen record-breaking claims for damage caused by snow, flooding, tornadoes and hurricanes. This year is ending on another unusual note with unexpected snowfall disrupting the northeast in late October, early November. The amount of snow and disruption to more than 2 million homes has broken new records for October for West Virginia through to Maine. All these additional claims mean premium rates will be going up again next year, and the deductibles are being adjusted on a take-it-or-leave-it basis. Don’t be caught out. Before you raise the deductible yourself, find out what your insurer has done. Second, if you do increase the deductible, can you afford to self-insure all the small accidental losses around the home? If not, resist rises in the deductible.

Now on to the other discounts. In the good old days before the internet, people used to rely on the agent to claim all the discounts. These people knew you and your home. They understood the inner working of the insurers. They used to protect you (well, they were supposed to protect you). Now you have moved online, you are the only one who can look out for your own interests. There are a range of monitors and sensors you can fit to your home that will save you money. The details will vary from company to company so, before you spend any money, get a list of the approved devices and cost their installation. Never fit anything unless you can recover the cost in savings within a reasonable period of time. These include central station alarm systems for both unauthorized entry and temperature rises, smoke, water and gas leaks, and so on. Whenever you renovate, ensure your rebuilding cover is increased and that you gain access to the discounts.

Finally, revisit the question of bundling policies together with the same insurer. Almost all companies will give you a discount if you give them more business. So if you have one or two family cars, giving the same company both the auto and homeowners insurance policies can represent at least 10% in savings. This needs quite careful research to confirm. Get as many quotes as possible for individual cover with different companies, and then look at what savings you will get if you bundle with any one of them. Never assume one of your existing companies will give you the best deal. Always shop around and get as many car and homeowners insurance quotes as possible.

The point of this cover is simple. No matter how hard you try, no pre-estimate of the cost of rebuilding is ever absolute. It’s only when you get on the ground and start work you find out what all the problems are going to be. Costs have an unfortunate habit of rising and it’s relatively common for owners to have to sacrifice features of their old home to get the building work finished within budget. But, if you’re prepared to pay about 10% more on the premium rate, you can buy guaranteed cover, i.e. the insurer will pay the actual cost.

Let’s go back to the beginning again. Many insurance policies have a cap, i.e. the insurer places an upper limit on the amount you can claim. This may be a limit for all standard policyholders, or the cap may vary depending on the amount of premium you pay. The only way you can avoid the cap is by buying the extended cover. Why might costs go up significantly more than you expect? Suppose you bought an older home. It was picturesque with a wooden frame and shingles. If you now come to rebuild it, you can find reproducing the traditional building methods are expensive when you face compliance with the current building code. Everything may need to be redesigned including the electrical and plumbing systems. Once you are talking in hundreds of thousands for rebuilding, paying an extra 10% in premium can be very good value to get guaranteed completion.

Stepping outside the scope of the homeowners insurance policy, some insurers are now offering Home Value Protection policies to safeguard against a fall in the resale value of your property. In reality, this is slightly closer to a bet than most insurance policies and you need to read the terms carefully. Most have a high deductible if you claim during the first two years. Since most experts believe the housing market will begin to pick up again within the next two years, you may conclude such policies are not good value for money. Nevertheless, the next time you’re reviewing your insurance portfolio, it may be interesting to get additional quotes for Home Value Protection when you get your homeowners insurance quotes.

In a no-fault state, it does not matter whether the insured driver or the others involved were negligent. The insurance company pays out regardless. But this only applies in twelve states. The remainder rely on the law of tort which order the party at fault to pay compensation to the other. So, if you were not at fault, your insurance company collects the compensation from the other driver and, in theory, suffers no loss. But if the other driver was not insured or underinsured, or you were at fault, your insurer now faces a loss. If this was just down to the math, the insurer would calculate a “fair” premium rate increase and slowly recover the loss. But if the insurer put up the rate every time one of its drivers was at fault, many of those drivers would move to a competing company. So the math has to bend to match social considerations. Sometimes, the insurers have to accept the loss.

In this, we need to distinguish really serious errors of judgement from more everyday inattention. A driver who has an accident because of excess alcohol or drugs will be classified as high risk and the rates will automatically rise. Few people will argue against this. But suppose you open your car door and another vehicle crashes into it. We start with the general rule you should always look before opening your door. Even if you are not on the road, there’s still a risk you might hit someone walking past. So if a vehicle hits the door as you are opening it, that looks like your fault. But if the door has been open for a reasonable period of time, other drivers should see the problem and take evasive action. This is always a 50/50 decision for the insurer, but if you hit the other family car as you are leaving your driveway, this is always going to cause more problems. The first factor is that you cannot claim on the liability policy. This only cover liabilities to third parties. Your only hope lies in having collision cover on both vehicles. This form of car insurance pays out for the repair of your own vehicle if damaged in a collision. If it’s the same insurer, try negotiating for only one deductible payment, but don’t hold out much hope on the premium rate. The next car insurance quote is likely to be higher.

The second reason is that you are not exactly overjoyed by the prospect of better fraud detection. Just imagine the sequence of events. Insurance companies have to recruit and train investigators to work alongside claims adjusters. This immediately boosts the insurer’s costs which get passed on to you in higher premium rates. Now all these eager-beaver investigators finish their training and they are released on to the current files. Suddenly everything slows down as these investigators decide whether there’s anything fishy about your claim. How long are you going to put up with someone poking around your claim to decide whether you really did suffer whiplash in that accident? At what point do you start complaining? It’s possible, of course, that these investigators may detect real fraud. If so, the savings they make could start paying their salaries and the premium rates would come down. Well that’s the theory, anyway, and we can all dream.

This leaves all those little frauds. Now we have pay-as-you-drive black boxes, this does away with the most common which was people lying about their mileage. Honest drivers with low mileage can now enjoy their justified discounts. Everyone else can go back to paying the proper rate. But this still leaves about $15 billion in other problems. You would be amazed (well, that’s probably an exaggeration) at the extent to which people lie. They forget to tell the insurers exactly who will be driving the family car, or they edit the driver’s experience, age or marital status. Relatives suddenly develop membership of clubs and affinity groups which produce discounts, and all this is before we get to those who forget to mention they are using their vehicle in a business. Yes, these are only small frauds, only barely dishonest really. But the industry estimates it loses $15 billion a year because of these little lies. That’s $15 billion we all have to cover with higher car insurance rates. So, be honest, what would you prefer: everyone telling the truth and most paying lower rates, or higher car insurance quotes to cover this continuing dishonesty?

In a perfect world, this would be resolved by a discussion at home. As a parent, you would sit down with your children and explain the risks. The statistics are available on the internet to back up your warnings. Your children would nod their heads wisely and swear by all they hold holy not to continue this dangerous practice. Except this would not work in most families. What teens say to their parents is not how they act when they are outside the home. So now comes the hard choice. Do you sit back and rely on prayer every time they drive off into the wild blue yonder, or do you take positive steps? First, a little law: it’s a criminal offense to operate any transmitter that will block or jam wireless communications. So you would face big fines if you were found jamming mobile phone signals. But it’s probably not an offense if you instal equipment in your vehicle that acts as a passive block to the signal. The reason for the distinction is that if you created a cone of silence around your vehicle by transmitting a signal to jam all the cell towers, you would cut off all the other users in your area. While this might make the roads safer, it would seriously inconvenience everyone else. More importantly, it might interfere with emergency calls for the police and ambulance. So passive shielding is probably legal because it does not interfere with any other vehicle or person on the sidewalk. Taking this simple step means you no longer have trust issues with your teen (until he or she works out how to turn it off or get round the shielding, e.g. by putting an antenna outside the vehicle).

More intrusive are the camera systems now offered by some insurers. In return for allowing active monitoring of the way in which your teens drive, they get cheaper premium rates. So if your teen signs up for a policy and agrees not to text or use the cell phone, enforcement just became easier. Similarly, if there’s agreement limiting the number of passengers, you have it on disk. Yes this is cheap car insurance for your teen courtesy of Big Brother, but it’s also helping to keep him or her alive. Statistics show a remarkable improvement in driving when teens know the cameras are watching. So this all comes back to your door the next time you are looking for car insurance quotes. How far do you want to go?

Modify your policy

Vehicle insurance comes in many forms and delivers many options to choose from. When there are many different coverage options included into your policy it becomes very expensive. So your aim when optimizing your insurance costs is to strip off all the unnecessary coverage features and leave only those that are really needed. In fact, the only type of coverage that is legally required is the third party liability whereas all others are optional. Sure, it doesn’t mean that you have to strip down your policy to the bare minimums. But make sure to take some time and think about the things you really need with your policy and things you can leave behind. This will certainly cut your insurance costs effectively.

Adjust the deductible

As you may already know, deductible is the amount of money to be paid by you before the coverage actually starts to apply. It is used to prevent insurance claims due to minor damage to your car. And the higher you set the amount of deductible the lower is the premium. You can set the deductible up to $1000, however make sure that you can actually afford such an amount. Otherwise it doesn’t make any sense decreasing the premium and not being able to get any coverage when needed since you can’t meet the deductible.

Shop around

Comparison shopping is the best way to get the lowest price no matter what type of product or service you’re looking for and auto insurance isn’t an exception. With so many quote comparison sites on the web it’s really easy to shop around for vehicle insurance since it takes only a few minutes and you get plenty of quotes to compare. Try to get as many quotes from different providers as possible – this will raise your chance of finding a very good policy with plenty of coverage and reasonable premiums that will save your money.

Switch the car

Many car owners tend to forget that the most important factor contributing to the cost of auto insurance is the car they actually drive. Some cars are less costly to insure while others will automatically give you higher premiums even if you shop around a bit. In general sports, muscle, luxury and large cars are more expensive to insure. So if you feel that your auto insurance costs are unbearable consider buying a car that is less costly to insure in the first place.

Well, now technology has arrived that eliminates the risk of cheating – until someone learns how to hack the black boxes, that is. For now, insurers like Progressive are selling a basic policy plus monitoring equipment to plug into your vehicle. The insurer can then monitor when, where and how far you drive. Some insurers are even fitting a GPS transmitter. This is useful if your vehicle is stolen or you report a breakdown and a tow truck has to find you.

Many consider this new technology an invasion of their privacy. The question you have to answer is whether you want the discounts. As a low mileage driver, you pay a monthly premium based on how far you drive and whether you avoid driving at peak times. Before you answer, note some insurers also collect data from your vehicle showing how often you break suddenly, whether you swerve from side to side, and other features of your driving style. Should you have an accident and make a claim, the insurer has a record of how you were driving at the time. If you claimed you hit the other car because you were swerving violently to avoid a moose, the recording may show a slightly different story (ignoring the problem of explaining how there came to be a moose loose in your part of town).

Insurers are, of course, enthusiastic. They believe this new technology will encourage drivers to be more careful. If there are fewer accidents, this will result in lower auto insurance quotes for all of us. Federal government is also watching carefully because we may all be encouraged to drive more slowly. This will be good for the environment, reduce our dependence on imported oil and prevent global warming. Ironic that we might be thanking the insurance industry both for cheap auto insurance quotes and for saving the planet. Well, that’s an exaggeration, but you get the idea.

Have you heard of event data recorders (EDR)? These are the little black boxes for the vehicles we drive on our roads. In 2008, a report published by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) admitted between 65 and 90% of vehicles were already fitted with EDRs. The reason for the big range in the estimate is easy to explain. Almost every new vehicle rolling off the assembly line has an EDR fitted. It’s been a standard component for many years. But it’s not entirely clear how many older vehicles are still driving around without one of these recording devices inside. All we can say is that, as we slowly throw the old vehicles away, we’ll slowly move up to 100% installation. How can you tell whether your vehicle has an EDR? Curiously, until 2011, manufacturers did not have to tell you. Now, if you look in the driver’s manual, you’ll find confirmation.

Why should you care? Well, the NHTSA lists all the information these devices are supposed to collect. It’s very comprehensive, showing exactly what you were doing in the minute or so before the accident, i.e., how fast you were driving, whether you swerved, applied the brakes, whether you were wearing your seat belt, and so on. Anyone getting hold of this information can reconstruct how the accident occurred. You’ll be pleased to know EDR data is increasingly used to prosecute cases of vehicular manslaughter. Your insurance company will be able to compare your description of the accident with the EDR data. So, if you said you had to swerve to avoid an alligator on the road as you drove through the Everglades, you’d better be sure the EDR will tell the same story of a violent maneuver while braking sharply.

The EDR holds out the possibility of being able to detect more fraud, e.g. that you weren’t driving fast enough to cause the whiplash injury you now claim. If insurance companies can filter out more dishonest claims, this will reduce the overall cost of loss and, if the insurers are honest, reduce the auto insurance rates. Across the US, it’s estimated that several billion dollars in fraudulent claims are successful. Reducing this means more affordable if not cheap auto insurance for all us honest drivers.

Although the basic math is the same for all insurance companies – they all want to take in the maximum and pay out the minimum – the actual way in which they calculate and manage the risk is different. For this reason, it makes sense to get quotes from all the more reliable companies in your state. The young drivers are the ones likely to find the biggest savings. Now comes the part it seems the vast majority find so difficult. You have to change your insurer to the company offering the best cover at the most affordable price. At present, the figures show only about 10% of drivers actually take this step. This is a remarkable testament to the power of blind loyalty. It’s completely irrational to automatically renew with a company charging you more than the average premium rate. Indeed, your failure to change actively encourages insurers to keep on increasing their premium rates. If you continue to pay without complaint, the company pays no penalty for taking ever more of your money. The only way you force change in the market is by enough people changing away from the most expensive insurers and buying from the most affordable.

Think of it as being like politics. Once a year, you get to vote on how well or badly your insurer represents your interests. If enough people refuse to renew, the company’s market share drops and it loses money. This upsets the stockholders and encourages the company to change its ways. This is consumer power in a market based on free competition. The efficient companies offering a good product at a competitive price prosper. The bad companies fail. So get auto insurance quotes from all the most financially reliable insurers, compare the rates and change. Over time, this simple event snowballs into a market move toward cheaper insurance for the many. Be active. Drive car insurance rates lower.